Warm, lemon-yellow sunshine on a cornflower blue lake; the sound of leaves falling in the forest like soft rain; carpets of crimson berries crunching underfoot – nowhere does autumn come in such a burst of sensory glory as in Finland.
Locals even have a special name for the fleeting season, ruska, and for a few short weeks in September and early October ruska pilgrims head out to catch summer’s final flourish before the winter darkness descends.
Editor’s note: Always check local restrictions before planning a trip and follow government health advice.
Since Finland is full of wilderness – 74 percent of the country is covered in boreal forest – you can experience ruska almost anywhere, but the further north you go the more intense the colours, as broadleaf trees, conifers, berry bushes and moss cloak the landscape in a multi-layered tapestry of green, auburn, gold, copper, crimson and smoky blue.
Fall in the Arctic Circle
Enontekiö, in the furthest northwestern reaches of Lapland, just 50km from the Arctic Sea, is on the autumnal frontline. As the leaves begin to turn in early September, Kilpisjärvi, the region’s largest Saami village, appears cradled in a stunning golden triangle of mountain birch trees between the borders of Norway and Sweden.
The great Saana Fell (1029m) rises out of the village cloaked in an ankle-deep mat of richly coloured lingonberries, bilberries, crowberries and bear berries – remnants of wedding garments, locals believe, worn to the ill-fated marriage of the giant Saana to the nearby Malla Fell.
These great fells stand watch over Malla Strict Nature Reserve – Finland’s oldest conservation area established in 1916. Considered Tosilappi (True Lapland) Enontekiö’s parks encompass a rare range of Arctic and alpine flora and fauna, specially adapted to the high altitude of the fells and the unique, marine influenced microclimate.
Finns flock here in their droves during ruska for three brief weeks of glorious, mosquito-free hiking, biking and canoeing amid the paprika dusted mountains. Ruska autumn markets also pepper the villages and husky farms like Hetta Huskies start their autumn training, running dogs through the golden landscape with quad bikes.
The trails in Malla Strict and the Käsivarsi Wilderness Area are probably some of the best in the world, and almost all of them have some sort of wilderness cabin provision. The most popular trails are the easy 4km hike up Saana Fell; the 55km section of the Halti trail between Kilpisjärvi and Finland’s highest fell, Halti (1328m); and the stunning track through Malla Strict’s berry moors to the Three Nations Border Stone where the borders of Finland, Sweden and Norway meet.
The border stone sits on a man-made island in Lake Koltapahtajärvi and can be reached by the Malla boat from Kilpisjärvi or via the 11km Crimson Trail through Malla Strict. For information and reservations head to the Visitor Centre.
Koli: Finland’s most famous autumn landscape
As the season starts to fade in Lapland the fall colours travel south like a colourful wave. By the third week in September, the rolling hillsides of Koli National Park are daubed in orange, red and yellow. Climb to the top of Ukko-koli (354m) and you’ll have exactly the same view that artist Eero Järnefelt had in 1899 when he painted his iconic Autumn Landscape of Lake Pielisjärvi.
The Koli peaks are the southernmost summits in Finland and are swathed in tall, candle-like spruce trees, pines, birch and aspen. They are extraordinarily tall as the forest hasn’t been cut for a century. Traditional farming methods maintain the historic views: swidden fields are cleared every year, meadows are mown by hand and traditional Finncattle and Finnsheep graze the parks pastures.
The easiest way to immerse yourself in the herb-rich forest is to take the Paimenenpolku Trail (Shepherd’s Trail) from the Nature Centre Ukko or book in to one of the heritage farms such as Kolin Keidas in Mattila.
Artistic autumn landscapes at Lake Tuusula
Although Eero Järnefelt painted endless scenes of Koli it was his brother-in-law, the composer Jean Sibelius, who captured the mythic spirit of Finland’s forests in his radical symphonies. Inspired by Koli and the dark tales of the Kalevala, the Finnish national epic poem, Sibelius wrote most of his major works from his beautiful lakeside villa, Ainola, on the shores of Lake Tuusula, barely 40km north of Helsinki.
You can visit the house with its glazed Scandinavian stoves and Steinway grand piano and walk down to the glittering lake in search of migrating cranes, swans and taiga geese, just as Sibelius did. A cultural trail around the shore takes you via the frozen-in-time homes of fellow artists and musicians, including Juhani Aho and Venny Soldan-Brofeldt, Pekka Halonen and Joonas Kokkonen.
The latter lived in a beautiful contemporary home designed by Alvar Aalto. By prior arrangement you can visit Villa Kokkonen for lunch and a private concert by pianist Elina Viitaila and opera singer Antti Pesonen, who continue to fill the house with music.
Autumn’s last gasp in Nuuksio National Park
As snow begins to fall in Lapland, October offers the urbanites of Helsinki one last burst colour in nearby Nuuksio National Park. The park is even accessible by public transport. Take the commuter train to Espoo, then bus number 85 to the Haltia Nature Centre where you can plot your hiking routes and connect with guides and activity experts such as Feel the Nature, who also offer a pick up from Helsinki.
With the summer season over, Nuuksio’s forest is cool and quiet. The aspen are starting to lose their golden leaves and the forest floor is covered in a carpet of Scots pine needles. Foragers hunt for the last bilberries, cranberries and chanterelle mushrooms, which they carefully ferry back to snug log cabins at Hawkhill Nature to cook over an open fire with some stove-smoked salmon.
Back in Helsinki, the Sibelius Academy is starting their autumn season of concerts, but here in the forest you’ll already be humming autumn’s shimmering notes along with the woodlarks.
Paula travelled to Finland with the support of Finnair, Visit Finland and Visit Espoo. Lonely Planet contributors don’t accept freebies for positive coverage.
You might also like:
How to make Finnish baked juustoleipä with cloudberries
Top 8 destinations for fall colors in the US
The ultimate New England fall foliage road trip